⁽¹⁾Dermod C. Madden "Anticonfederate", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 1 (1981), p. 54.

⁽²⁾Daily News, Nov. 6, 1958 and email from Robert Clark's son, Bob Clark, March 27, 2002

⁽³⁾Free Press, Apr. 8, 1913.

(4)Year Book and Almanac of Newfoundland. St. John's, Nfld. : D.R. Thistle, 1930, p. 90

(5)Bell Island Times, 1 Feb. 1954, p. 4.

(6)"The Pride of the Northern Peninsula," Decks Awash, Feb. 1981, v. X, no. 1, p. 16.

(7)"Dermod C. Madden, "Confederate, The", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 1 (1981), p. 496.

(8)Newfoundland Express, Jan. 27, 1853, p. 3.

(9) Dermod C. Madden, "Daily News, The", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, chief ed., J. R. Smallwood, v. 1 (1981) , p. 581-2.

(10) Evening Telegram, Oct. 6, 1911.

(11) Evening Herald, Oct. 7, 1899P>

(12) Trade Review, Oct. 7, 1899.

(13) "The Transfer of 'The Evening Herald'," Newfoundland Quarterly, Apr. 1913, v. XII, no. 4, p. 20. P>

(14) "The Pride of the Northern Peninsula", Decks Awash, Feb. 1981, v. X, no. 1, p. 17. P>

(15) Harold Horwood, "Joey & the Crusader", Canada's Newspapers, the Inside Story, ed. by Walter Steward. Edmonton : Hurtig Publishers, 1980, p. 45-46.

(16) Diane P. Janes, "Fishermen's Worker's Tribune", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 2 (1984), p. 187.

(17) Diane P. Janes, "Fishermen's Workers Tribune", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 2 (1988), p. 187.

(18) Fishermen's Advocate, Jan. 16, 1970.

(19) 1921 issues are microfilmed with the Evening Advocate. 1924 issues are microfilmed with the Fishermen's Advocate.P>

(20) Canadian Newspaper Directory, (16th ed.). Montreal, A. McKim, 1923, p. 457.

(21) "Local French Newspaper Moves Operations to Heart of Newfoundland French Community", Evening Telegram, Sept. 19, 1987, p. 15.

(22) "'Gander Beacon' New Paper", Daily News, Nov. 6, 1958, p. 5.

(23) Price (Nfld.) News-Log, May 1966, p. 8.

(24) Price (Nfld.) News-Log, May 1966, p. 8.

(25) Susan Oke, "Newspapers as Historical Sources : the Standard and Conception Bay Advertiser : Decade of the 1860's", April 1983. (In the files of the Provincial Reference and Resource Library).

(26) Telegraph, Dec. 8, 1869.

(27) The subscription price of the Indicator.P>

(28) Robert H. Cuff, "Industrial Worker, The," Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, v. 2 (1984), p. 43.

(29) Ian McDonald, Chronological List of Newfoundland Newspapers in the Public Collections and the Gosling Memorial Library and Provincial Archives. 1968? p.18-19.

(30) "Eskimo-English Weekly being Printed in Nain", Labrador Press, May 1, 1972, p. 9.

(31) Ian McDonald, Chronological List of Newfoundland Newspapers in the Public Collections and the Gosling Memorial Library and Provincial Archives. 1968?, p. 22.

(32) Daily Review, Aug. 1, 1899.

(33) Vindicator and Brigus Reporter, Oct. 28, 1903.

(34) Gavin M. Will, Robert H. Cuff, "Journalism," Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 3 (1991), p. 130.

(35) Gavin M. Will, Robert H. Cuff, "Journalism," Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 3 (1991), p. 126.

(36) Daily Review, Aug. 1, 1899.

(37) Ian McDonald, Chronological List of Newfoundland Newspapers in the Public Collections and the Gosling Memorial Library and Provincial Archives. 1968?, p. 4.

(38) "CJON Staff Quits to Found Weekly Nfld. Newspaper", Evening Telegram, Nov. 22, 1956.

(39) Kathleen A. Winter, "Newfoundlander", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 4 (1993), p. 71.

(40) A Clear Head in Tempestuous Times : Albert B. Perlin, The Wayfarer / selected and edited by Francis Hollohan and Melvin Baker. St. John's : H. Cuff Publications Ltd., 1986, p. 2.

(41) Ian McDonald, Chronological List of Newfoundland Newspapers in the Public Collections and the Gosling Memorial Library and Provincial Archives. 1968?, p. 3.

(42) Patriot, Sept. 9, 1835.

(43) Public Ledger, Jan. 11, 1833.

(44) Diane P. Janes, "Fishermen's Advocate, The", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 2 (1981), p. 178.

(45) Fishermen's Advocate, May 22, 1970.

(46) Public Ledger and Newfoundland General Advertiser, Jan. 16, 1855.FONT>

(47) Allison C. Bates, "Winton, Henry David (1793-1855)," Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 5 (1994), p. 601.

(48) Kathleen A. Winter, "Random Guardian", Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 4 (1993), p. 520.

(49) Evening Telegram, May 10, 1881.

(50) Fishermen's Advocate, Feb. 13, 1915.

(51) Conversation with Gilbert Higgins.

(52) "The Sunday Paper," Fishermen's Advocate, Oct. 26,1912.

(53) Jeffrey Simpson, "Express Service," Globe and Mail, July 15, 1987, p. A6.

(54) Temperance Journal, June 1, 1880, p. 196.

(55) Letter from S.R. Morris, president, Trinity Historical Society, Jan. 22, 1988.

(56) Trade Review, Nov. 2, 1895.

(57) Iona L. Bulgen, "Watchdog," Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 5 (1994), p. 512.

(58) Star and Newfoundland Advocate, Nov. 11, 1842.

(59) Daily News, June 1, 1906.

(60) Western Star, Apr. 4, 1950.

(61) Golden Anniversary of the Western Star, Curling, Nfld., 1950, p. 21-22.

(62) Ian McDonald, Chronological List of Newfoundland Newspapers in the Public Collections and the Gosling Memorial Library and Provincial Archives. 1968?, p. 19.