LVI.---Ericaceae. Heath Family.
407. Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi, Spreng. Red Bearberry (Indian Hurt and Hardberry, in Hermitage Bay). (Richardson) rocky or sandy soil from Newfoundland to the Pacific, and north to Fort Franklin, Lat. 64 (Richardson, Cat. II., 295); Trinity Bay (Cormack and A.C.W.); Harbour Breton (Fortune Bay) and Bay de Verde, East coast, and Chimney Cove, Bay of Islands (A.C.W.). Also, Sampson’s Island, Notre Dame Bay, Flat Bay Brook (Bell). Sea cliffs and rocky banks. June.
408. A. alpine, Spreng. Alpine or Black Bearberry. Trinity Bay (Cormack); by myself at Brunet and Harbour Breton (Fortune Bay), Bay de Verde, and Swan Island, Notre Dame Bay, Great Cod Roy River (Bell). Lab: (McGill Coll. Herb., Cat. II., 294); Ford’s Harbour and Cape Chidley (Bell: Cat. III., 561); Hopedale (Weiz--Packard); by myself at Battle Harbour and L’anse au Loup. Flora Miq., common. Hill tops. June.
409. Andromeda Polifolia, L. Marsh Andromeda, Wild Rosemary. (Reeks); common about Fortune and Trinity Bays, Chimney Cove and Little Harbour, Bay of Islands (A.C.W.); A. John’s (Miss Southcott); Exploits River, and near Whitbourne (R. & S.); near Flat Bay, Bay S. George (Bell); Lab: Hopedale (Weiz), Caribou Island (Butler---Packard), Indian Harbour, near Battle Harbour, Square Islands, and other places (A.C.W.). Flora Miq., very common. Bogs. June---August.
410. Bryanthus taxifolius, Gray. Mountains at Great Cod Roy River (Bell). Lab: (Morrison, Cat. II., 299); Nain, Nachvak, and Ford’s Harbour (Bell, Cat. III, 562); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard); Battle Harbour and Seal Islands, and L’anse au Clair (A.C.W.). June---August.
411. Chimaphila umbellate, Nutt. Prince’s Pine (Reeks).
412. Cassandre calyculata, Don. Leatherleaf. (Cat. II., 296). Common in Trinity and Fortune Bays and Bay of Islands (A.C.W.); near Flat Bay (Bell); Exploits River and Salmonier (R. & S.). Lab: (Cat. II., 296); Battle Harbour (A.C.W.); borders of lakelets and swamps along the coast (Hooker); Square Islands (B.P. Mann---Packard). Flora Miq., very common. April---July.
413. Calluna vulgaris, Salisb. Heath or Heather. Near Caplin Bay, Ferryland, Renews; S. Mary’s Bay and Trepassey Bay (Cormack and Lawson, Cat. II., 298) (Reeks).
414. Cassiope hypnoides, Don. Moss-like Cassiope, Mossplant. Lab: (Morrison, Cat. II., 296); Nain and Cape Chidley (Bell, Cat. III., 562); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard).
415. C. tetragona, Don. A specimen in the museum in S. John’s, named Menziesia Polifolia, Professor Macoun thinks may be this. Lab: (Kolmeister and Douglas, Cat. II., 297). Abundant along coast at Nain (Bell, Cat. III., 562); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard).
416. Epigaea repens, L. Trailing Arbutus, May Flower. (Reeks). Near Flat Bay Brook (Bell); Bonne Bay, common (Bullman); also at the Bay of Islands; Little River (Burgess); Hermitage Bay; abundant at Rose Blanche (Revd. G.A. Field). Woods and thickets. April---June.
417. Gaultheria procumbens, L. Boxberry, Tea-berry, or Partridge Berry (Mountaineer Tea). (Cat. II., 295); near Harbour Breton (A.C.W.); S. Paul’s Bay, West coast (Bullman); (Reeks). Flora Miq., common. June---September.
418. Kalmia glauca, Ait. Pale or Swamp Laurel (Gold or Gouldwithy) (Reeks). Common in peat bogs throughout the country apparently (A.C.W.). Lab: hillsides and swamps, Caribou (Butler---Packard); Battle Harbour, and a few other places; not so common where I have been on the Labrador as the next (A.C.W.). Flora Miq., abundant; “one of the first to flower; it is also found in flower in some places even in August and September.
419. *K. angustifolia, L. Sheep-laurel or Lamb-hill (Cat. II., 300). Apparently as frequent and widespread as the last (A.C.W.). Lab: (Cat. II., 300). West S. Modest, Chatham, and Battle Harbour (A.C.W.). Flora Miq., very common. Wet and rocky places. July---September.
420. K. latifolium, L. Mountain Laurel, Calico Bush. Lab: reported as being found in ravines and near ponds in the interior up Salmon river, and on Esquimaux Island (Stearns, Cat. II., 300).
421. Loiseleuria procumbens, Desv. Alpine or Training Azalea (May Flower and White Flower in Hermitage Bay). (Morrison, Cat. II., 298); Flat Bay Brook (Bell); Pustelbrough, Hermitage Bay (Revd. H.G. Bishop); Chimney Cove, B. of I. (A.C.W.). Lab: (Morrison); hillsides, Caribou (Butler, Cat. II., 298); Battle Harbour and Seal Islands (A.C.W.); Hopedale (Weiz) and Ford’s Harbour (Bell---Packard). Flora Miq., dry places; not common. Hills. June---September.
422. Ledum palustre, L. (Crystal Tea, Labrador) (Reeks). Newfoundland and Labrador, and through the Arctic region to
Alaska and Aleutian Islands (Gray, Cat. II., 301); (Cormack). Lab: Seal Islands, Pack’s Harbour and Snack Cove (A.C.W.); Hopedale (Weiz), and Nachvak, Ford’s Harbour and Cape Chidley (Bell---Packard) (Cat. III., 563). Flora Miq. Says of this and the next---very common. Bogs. July.
423. L. latifolium, Ait. Labrador Tea (Indian or Labrador Tea). Peat bogs and marshes from Labrador, Newfoundland and westward to the Pacific (Cat. II., 301). Appears to be frequent in suitable habitats. Lab: common on hills Caribou Islands (Butler); Hopedale (Weiz-Packard). July---August.
424. Monesis uniflora, Gray. One-flowered Pyrola or Wintergreen (Sweet Flower, in White Bay). Very common in shady or mossy woods, from Labrador, Newfoundland, etc., westward to the Pacific and northward to Lat 64 (Hooker, Cat. II., 306); Whitbourne, rare (R. & S.); fairly common in Trinity and Fortune Bays and Bay of Islands (A.C.W.---Macoun and Fowler); Great Cod Roy River (Bell); S. John’s (Miss Southcott) and Ferryland. Lab: in damp and shady places (Butler); Turner’s Head (Hamilton Inlet); Venison Tickle, S. Michael’s, and further south at L’anse au Clair (A.C.W.); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard). Flora Miq., found in groups of 12 or 15 individuals in damp peaty places, but always rare. July---August.
425. Pyrola secunda, L. One-sided or Serrate Pyrola, or Wintergreen. Rich woods throughout Canada, from Newfoundland, etc., to the Pacific, and far northward on the Mackenzie (Hooker, Cat. II., 304); S. John’s (Lady Blake and R. & S.); (Reeks); White Bay, Harbour Breton and New Harbour (A.C.W.). Lab: in the Straits of Belle Isle, at Forteau, L’anse au Mort, and Capstan Island (Eaton and Fowler). Flora Miq., common. August---September.
Var. minor, Gray. Chimney Cove, Bay of Islands (A.C.W.). Lab: peaty bogs and mossy swamps, from Labrador to Alaska (Gray, Cat. II., 304); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard); Forteau and L’anse au Mort (A.C.W.---Fowler). Woods. August.
426. P. minor, L. Smaller Pyrola. Near Cairn Mountain, Flat Bay (Bell); (Reeks); New Harbour, in Trinity Bay (A.C.W.). Lab: cold woods (Morrison, Cat. II., 303); Battle Harbour and neighbourhood, and in the Strait, Forteau and Blanc Sablon (A.C.W.---Fowler); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard). July, August.
427. P. chlorantha, Swartz. Green-flowered or Small Pyrola. Rather dry or sandy woods, generally under conifers, from Newfoundland. Labrador, etc., westward to the Rocky Mountains, and northward to Bear Lake (Richardson and Gray, Cat. II., 304); (Reeks); Lark Harbour and Coal River, Bay of Islands (A.C.W.---Fowler); Exploits and Gander River (Drummond, C.E.---Macoun); S. John’s (R. & S.). Lab: (Morrison---Packard). July---August.
428. P. rotundifolia, L. Round-leaved Wintergreen. Sandy or dry woods, in swamps, and on mountain tops, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and northward to the Arctic regions (Hooker, Cat. II., 305); Harbour Grace (Miss Trapnell---A.H. MacKay); near Cairn Mountain, Flat Bay (Bell); S. John’s (Lady Blake); Sphagnum Swamp, Manuel’s (R. & S.). Lab: in swamps, Amour (Butler). August.
Var. pumila, Hook. Lab: from Labrador to the Mackenzie River (Gray, Cat. II., 305). Quite common along the Labrador coast (Butler, Cat. II., 503); Battle Harbour (A.C.W.); Hopedale (Weiz---Packard). September.
Var. incarnate. D.C. Lab: Battle Harbour (A.C.W.). August. A doubtful specimen.
429. Rhododendron Rhodora, Don. Pink Rhodora. . False Honeysuckle (Bull’s Eye, Bull’s Tongue). Cool bogs and open peaty places, from Newfoundland, Labrador, etc., westward to the vicinity of Montreal (Maclagan, Cat. II., 302); Flat Bay, and on Cairn Mountain, white specimen (Bell); S. John’s and Exploit’s River, abundant (R. & S.); appears to be common and widely diffused (A.C.W.). Lab: hillsides, Caribou Islands (Butler---Packard). Flora Miq., common. June---July.
430. R. Lapponicum, Wahl. Lab: (Morrison, Cat. II., 302); Nachvak (Bell); Hopedale (Weiz); on a hill top Belles Amours (Butler---Packard).
*An intelligent resident of this place informed me that the fruit made good wine; which would imply that it was fairly plentiful, but I have only met with it once, and then in very small quantity.
*Called everywhere, like K. glauca, “Gouldwithy.” This appears in Trinity Bay to be taken as the earlier-flowering K. glauca, in its second bloom.
